福州方言[h]声母的来源——以《戚林八音》和《广韵》对比研究为证

The Origin of Initial Consonant [h] in Fuzhou Dialect: Based on the Comparative Study of Qilin Bayin 戚林八音 and Guangyun 广韵

闽方言声母的一大特点是无唇齿音[f],现代汉语中的唇齿音[f]在闽方言中读喉音[h]或舌根音[x]。明清福州方言韵书《戚林八音》中的非纽对应现代福州方言[h]声母。现代福州方言[h]声母主要由中古喉音、唇音、牙音演变而来。唇音字的特殊演变规律造成了现代福州方言有[h]无[f]的局面。闽方言其他方言片情况与福州方言相似。

A major feature of the initial consonants in Min dialects is the absence of labiodental[f].Characters with labiodentals [f]in Putonghua are pronounced as laryngeal[h]or velar [x]in Min dialects.The Fei 非 initial in Qilin Bayin 戚林八音,a rhyme dictionary of Fuzhou dialect in Ming and Qing dynasties,is pronounced as [h]in modern Fuzhou dialect,which has evolved mainly from MC laryngeal,labial and dental sounds.Such an evolution rule of MC labial sounds leads to the absence of [f] but[h] in modern Fuzhou dialect.Such a pattern can also be found in other Min dialects.