产后繁殖保健和同期处理方案对奶牛场主要繁殖指标和经济效益的影响分析

Effects Analysis of Postpartum Reproductive Health Care and Simultaneous Treatment Programs on Reproductive Indicators and Economic Benefits of Dairy Farms

本研究是为了分析规模化奶牛场应用产后繁殖保健和同期方案后对繁殖指标的影响,以便发现问题采取措施提高奶牛场的经济效益。收集了南疆阿克苏地区第一师所属5团三个规模化奶牛场1.7万余头次奶牛繁殖数据,包括牛号、圈舍号、发情配种记录、孕检记录、流产记录、治疗记录等,对这些相关数据进行整理,并用SPSS软件对产犊间隔、不同配种次数怀孕牛头数、产犊到首次配种间隔时间、空怀140d以上难孕牛的分布情况、产后45d以内发情率等进行分析,比较不同年度间和不同牛场之间的差异。分析结果表明,应用产后繁殖保健和同期处理方案后的2017年比2016年多产1 287头犊牛,产犊间隔有了明显的缩短,45～100d的发情配种率提高,为奶牛场创造了可观的经济效益。该方案在南疆取得非常好的效果,值得推广应用。

The purpose of this study was to analyze the reproductive indicators of the 5 groups of large-scale dairy farms after application of the same-period scheme,and to make analysis and comparisons in order to identify problems and take measures to increase the economic benefits of the dairy farms.More than 17,000 head of dairy cattle breeding data from 3 large-scale dairy farms in the 5th regiment of the first division of the Aksu region of Nanjiang were collected in this study,including the bovine number,shed number,estrus breeding records,pregnancy test records,miscarriage records,dead scouring records and treatments record,etc.The SPSS software was used to analyze the conception rate,calving interval,the first emotion conception rate,and the rate of cow estrus within 45 days,to compare the difference between years and farms.Results showed that,after the application of the same period plan,totally 1287 calves were produced in 2017 compared with 2016,the calving interval had been significantly shortened,and the rate of cow estrus has increased within 45 days,creating considerable economic benefits for dairy farms.The same period program has achieved very good results in southern Xinjiang and is worth promoting.