聚(3-羟基丁酸-co-3-羟基戊酸共聚酯)/聚乳酸阻燃纤维的制备及其性能

Preparation and properties of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyl valerate)/polylactic acid flame retardant fibers

为制备具有阻燃性的生物可降解纤维,将聚(3-羟基丁酸-co-3-羟基戊酸共聚酯)(PHBV)、聚乳酸(PLA)和聚磷酸铵(APP)通过熔融共混方式制备PHBV/PLA/APP复合材料并进行熔融纺丝,同时对其热学性能、热稳定性、拉伸性能和阻燃性能进行表征。结果表明:APP的引入对复合材料的冷结晶温度和熔融温度没有明显影响;随着APP质量分数的增加,复合材料的热稳定性和残炭率提高;随着牵伸倍数的增加,PHBV/PLA/APP复合纤维的断裂强度增大,且其断裂强度随APP的质量分数的增加呈先增加后减小趋势,当APP质量分数为5%时,断裂强度出现最大值;复合纤维的阻燃性能随APP质量分数的增加而提高,当APP质量分数达到10%时,阻燃效果最佳,其极限氧指数为32.3%,阻燃等级达到V-0级,且燃烧过程中无熔滴现象。

In order to prepare the biodegradable fiber with flame retardant property, poly(3-hydroxybutyrat e- co -3-hydroxyl valerate)(PHBV), poly(lactic acid)(PLA) and ammonium polyph osphate(APP) were melt blended, then PHBV/PLA/APP composite fiber was prepared by melt spinning. The thermal property, heat stability, tensile property and flame retardant properties of PHBV/PLA/APP composite fiber were tested. The results show that the addition of APP has no significant effect on the cool crystallization temperature and melting temperature of PHBV/PLA. With the increasing of APP mass fraction, thermal stability and carbon yield of PHBV/PLA composite are improved. With the increasing of draft ratio, the breaking strength of PHBV/PLA/APP composite fiber is enhanced. The breaking strength of PHBV/PLA/APP composite fiber is firstly increased then decreased with the addition of APP. When the APP mass fraction is 5%, the breaking strength reaches the peak value. Meanwhile, with the increasing of APP mass fraction, the flame retardant property of the composite fiber is improved. When the APP mass fraction is 10%, the flame retardant effect is optimum, the value of limit oxygen index is 32.3%, the flame retardant class is V-0, and no molten drop phenomenon occurs in burning process.