消防服多层织物的热湿舒适性

Thermal-moisture comfort of multilayered fabric systemsused as firefighting clothing

为研究消防员防护服面料的舒适性并考察织物组合舒适性的影响因素,选取我国消防服常用的11种织物,模拟消防服层次构成,即包括外层、防水透气层和隔热舒适层,进行多层织物热阻、湿阻和总热损失的测试与分析。结果表明:选取的几种织物组合,其基本性能均符合GA 10—2014《消防员灭火防护服》标准,但热湿舒适性与美国标准仍存在一定差距;织物的热阻、湿阻和总热损失均与其面密度有一定相关性,其中织物热阻、湿阻与面密度之间存在正相关关系,总热损失与面密度之间存在负相关关系;织物组合间空气层的厚度对织物组合的热阻值影响较大;织物组合总热损失与克罗值、透湿率之间的回归模型可直接用于评价消防服多层织物的热湿舒适性。

In order to study the comfort of the firefighters′ protective clothing fabrics and investigate the factors affecting the comfort of fabric combinations,11 types of fabrics commonly used in firefighters′ protective clothing were selected to simulate the layered composition of fire fighting clothing, including outer shell, moisture barrier, thermal barrier and comfort lining. And the multilayer fabrics were tested and analyzed in thermal resistance, moisture resistance and total heat loss. The results show that the basic properties of selected fabric combinations meets the requirement of GA 10-2014, but heat-moisture comfort of the fabrics does not meet the American standard. The thermal resistance, moisture resistance and total heat loss of the fabric are all in line with its weight. The thermal resistance and moisture resistance increases with the weight, while the total heat loss decreases with the weight. The thickness of the air layer between fabric combinations has a greater influence on the thermal resistance of the fabric combinations. Multiple regression mathematical model was built for the water-vapor transmition rate, clo and total heat loss. It can be applied to evaluate the thermal moisture comfort of multilayer fabrics.