5种中草药对异齿裂腹鱼鱼卵水霉防治效果

The study on the prevention and treatment effects of 5 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine on the Schizothorax oconnori fertilized eggs' Saprolegnia

【目的】探究5种中草药(大黄、五倍子、山苍子、黄芩、苦参)对异齿裂腹鱼(Schizothorax oconnori Lloyd)鱼卵水霉防治效果.【方法】试验期每天用不同浓度的5种中药浸泡鱼卵35 min,设阴性对照组(空白对照)和阳性对照组(4 mg/L孔雀石绿),统计水霉致死率、其他因素致死率、孵化率和鱼苗畸形率.【结果】大黄、五倍子、山苍子、黄芩、苦参5种中药组水霉致死率均显著低于阴性对照组(P<0.05),孵化率显著高于阴性对照组(P<0.05).1.5 g/L五倍子组,0.4、0.7 g/L大黄组,0.6、1.1、1.6 g/L山苍子组,0.6、0.9、1.2、1.5、1.8 g/L黄芩组,1.2、1.5、1.8 g/L苦参组鱼卵水霉致死率较低,与阳性对照组差异不显著(P>0.05).0.7 g/L五倍子组,0.1、0.4 g/L大黄组,0.1、0.6、1.1、1.6、2.1 g/L山苍子组,1.2、1.5、1.8 g/L黄芩组,0.6、0.9、1.2、1.5、1.8 g/L苦参组鱼卵孵化率均较高,与阳性对照组差异不显著(P>0.05).0.7、1.1、1.5、1.9、2.4 g/L五倍子组,0.1、0.4、0.7 g/L大黄组,0.6 g/L山苍子组,0.6、0.9 g/L黄芩组,0.9、1.2 g/L苦参组鱼苗畸形率均较低.5种中药均具有良好的抑制和杀灭水霉效果,综合考虑鱼卵水霉致死率、孵化率和鱼苗畸形率,适宜浸泡浓度分别为五倍子0.7、1.1、1.5 g/L、大黄0.1、0.4 g/L,山苍子0.6 g/L,黄芩0.6、0.9、1.2、1.5 g/L,苦参0.9、1.2、1.5 g/L.【结论】在孔雀石绿被禁用的现实情况下,这5种中药可为异齿裂腹鱼鱼卵水霉防治提供参考依据.

【Objective】In order to investigate the prevention and treatment effects of 5 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine on the Saprolegnia of Schizothorax oconnori Lloyd fertilized eggs.【Method】Using different concentrations of 5 kinds of Chinese herb medicines soaking fertilized eggs for 35 min every day,set a negative control group(CK)and a positive control group(4 mg/L malachite green),statistical Saprolegnia fatality rate,hatching rate,other factors fatality rate and deformity rate.【Result】The lethal rate of Saprolegnia in the five groups was significantly lower than that in the negative control group(P<0.05),and the hatching rate was significantly higher than that in the negative control group(P<0.05).The mortality of Saprolegnia in 1.5 g/L Rhus Chinensis group,0.4,0.7g/L Rheun palmatum group,0.6,1.1,1.6 g/L Litsea cubeba group,0.6,0.9,1.2,1.5,1.8 g/L Scutellaria baicalensis group,1.2,1.5,1.8 g/L Sophora flavescens group was lower than that in the positive control group(P>0.05).The hatching rate of fish eggs in the 0.7 g/L Rhus Chinensis group,0.1,0.4 g/L Rheun palmatum group,0.1,0.6,1.1,1.6,2.1 g/L Litsea cubeba group,1.2,1.5,1.8 g/L Scutellaria baicalensis group and 0.6,0.9,1.2,1.5,1.8 g/L Sophora flavescens group was higher than that in the positive control group(P>0.05).The deformity rate of fish fry in 0.7,1.1,1.5,1.9,2.4 g/L Rhus chinensis group,0.1,0.4,0.7 g/L Rheun palmatum group,0.6 g/L Litsea cubeba group,0.6、0.9 g/L Scutellaria baicalensis group and 0.9,1.2 g/L Sophora flavescens group were lower.All the five kinds of Chinese herbal medicine had good effect of inhibiting and killing Saprolegnia.Considering the lethality,hatching rate and deformity rate of Saprolegnia of fish eggs,the optimum soaking concentration of 0.7、1.1、1.5 g/L Rhus chinensis,0.1,0.4 g/L Rhenm palmatum,0.6 g/L Litsea cubeba,0.6,0.9,1.2,1.5 g/L Scutellaria baicalensis and 0.9,1.2,1.5 g/L Sophora flavescens.【Conclusion】Under the situation that malachite green is forbidden,the five kinds of Chinese herbal medicine can provide reference for the prevention and control of Schizothorax oconnori fertilized eggs'Saprolegnia.