混种两种生态型少花龙葵及其杂交后代对生菜生长和镉积累的影响

Effect of intercropping of two ecotypes of Solanum photeinocarpum and their hybrids with lettuce on growth and cadmium accumulation of lettuce

【目的】探讨混种超富集植物及其杂交后代对蔬菜重金属积累的影响.【方法】采用盆栽试验,模拟镉污染条件,研究混种2种生态型(矿山和农田)少花龙葵及其杂交后代对生菜生理生化、生物量以及镉元素的积累.【结果】混种矿山生态型、农田生态型、父本为矿山生态型和父本为农田生态型的4个少花龙葵材料均增加了生菜根系和地上部分生物量,提高了生菜叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素总量含量及其抗氧化酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性,同时降低了生菜地上部分和根系镉含量.与单种相比,混种父本为农田生态型少花龙葵的生菜根系和地上部生物量增加幅度最大,分别增加了96.34%和118.19%;混种父本为农田生态型少花龙葵的生菜镉含量降低幅度最大,其根系和地上部分镉含量分别较单种降低了31.64%和29.13%.【结论】混种2种生态型少花龙葵杂交后代均能降低生菜对镉的积累,促进生菜生长,其中混种杂交后代较亲本效果更明显,且以混种父本为农田生态型少花龙葵的效果最好.

【Objective】To find out the effect of intercropping with hyperaccumulator plants and their hybrids on the accumulation of heavy metals in vegetables.【Method】The pot experiment was conducted to study the physiological,biochemical,biomass and cadmium accumulation of lettuce intercropped with two ecotypes(from mine and farmland)of Solanum photeinocarpum and their hybrids under the conditions of simulated cadmium pollution.【Result】After intercropping with mine ecotype,farmland ecotype,hybrid of mine ecotype as male parent(MH)and hybrid of farmland ecotype as male parent(FH),the root biomass and shoot biomass,chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content,total chlorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme activities(SOD,POD,CAT)of lettuce increased,but cadmium content in root and shoot of lettuce were decreased.Meanwhile,the increment of root and shoot biomass of lettuce intercropped with FH was the highest,which was respectively enhanced by 96.34% and 118.19% compared with monoculture.And the reduction of cadmium content of lettuce intercropped with FH was the highest,decreased by 31.64% in root and 29.13% in shoot compared with monoculture.【Conclusion】Intercropping with hybrids of two ecotypes of S.photeinocarpum decreased the absorption of cadmium and promoted the growth of lettuce,and the effects of lettuce intercropping with hybrids was more obvious than their parents,especially intercropping with FH.