西北五省生态敏感性分析

Analysis of ecological sensitivity of five provinces in northwestern China

【目的】阐明我国西北五省区的生态敏感性分布特征,为其提供分类保护的策略和建议.【方法】以新疆、陕西、甘肃、宁夏及青海五省为研究区,选取土壤侵蚀、土地荒漠化、土壤质量、土地利用等敏感性指标作为生态敏感性评价因素,利用ArcGIS对单因素进行定量化评价,通过自组织映射神经网络模型(SOM)完成生态敏感性的综合评价,并构建了空间分布格局.【结果】西北五省生态敏感性差异较大,其中,高度生态敏感区约占总面积的44.83%,主要覆盖研究区内三大沙漠;微度敏感区约占41.75%,主要集中在准格尔盆地和塔里木盆地南北两侧、柴达木盆地东部祁连山脉东南部.【结论】本研究结合西北五省的实际情况,对每个分区按行政区再分亚区提出针对性的生态保护和发展策略.

【Objective】In order to clarify the distribution characteristics of the ecological sensitivity of five provinces in the northwestern part of China,and provide specific protection strategies and suggestions.【Method】Xinjiang,Shaanxi,Gansu,Ningxia and Qinghai were selected as the study areas,and soil erosion,land desertification,soil quality and biodiversity were used as the evaluation index of ecological sensitivity to built up the quantitative evaluation and classification of single factor by ArcGIS and carry out the comprehensive evaluation and zoning of ecological sensitivity by self-organizing map model.【Result】The ecological sensitivity of the Silk Road Economic Belt varied greatly.The highly ecologically sensitive area accounted for 44.83% of the total area,which mainly covered the three deserts in the study area;The moderately sensitive area accounted for 41.75% ,mainly concentrated in the north and south sides of Junggar Basin and Tarim Basin,the southeastern part of Qilian Mountains and the eastern part of Qaidam Basin.【Conclusion】Based on the actual situation of five provinces in northwestern China,this study proposes specific ecological protection and development strategies for each sub-region according to the administrative region.