新生儿眼病筛查的临床分析与必要性

Clinical analysis and necessity of eonatal ophthalmopathy screening

目的对大庆市人民医院产科出生的新生儿行眼病筛查,对筛查结果进行分析整理后总结新生儿眼病筛查的重要性。方法 3620例新生儿,均进行眼病筛查,对筛查结果进行分析。结果 3620例新生儿中有421例存在眼病,眼病发生率为11.6%。除视网膜出血297例外,其他眼病124例、占3.4%。其中视网膜周边白色病变发生率最高,占2.6%(69/3620);其次是家族性渗出性玻璃体视网膜病变,占0.5%(19/3620)。后期也将随访及追踪视力及眼底发育情况。色素脱失17例,先天性白内障8例,先天性脉络膜缺损5例,先天性瞳孔残膜4例,白化病2例。3620例新生儿中有218例为早产儿,发生早产儿视网膜病变17例,其中急进性早产儿视网膜病变1例, 4期早产儿视网膜病变2例。大多数为早产儿视网膜病变1～2期。结论新生儿眼病发生率较高,行新生儿眼病筛查能够在第一时间检查出眼部疾病,采取及时有效的治疗,为今后的视觉健康起到了非常重要的指导意义,有着强而科学的必要性。

Objective To summarize the importance of neonatal ophthalmopathy screening by analyze the screening results of eonatal ophthalmopathy screening. Methods A total of 3620 neonates were screened for eyes disease and the results were analyzed. Results There were 421 cases of eye disease in 3620 neonates,with the incidence of eye diseases as 11.6%. In addition to 297 cases of retinal hemorrhage, there were 124 cases(3.4%) of other eye diseases, according for 3.4%. The incidence of white lesions around the retina was the highest, accounting for 2.6%(69/3620), followed by familial exudative vitreoretinopathy, accounting for 0.5%(19/3620). Visual acuity and fundus development will also be followed up and tracked later. There were 17 cases of depigmentation, 8 cases of congenital cataract, 5 cases of congenital choroidal defect, 4 cases of congenital pupil remnant and 2 cases of albinism. Of the 3620 neonates, there were 218 premature cases, and 17 premature infants had retinopathy, including 1 case of rapid-progressive retinopathy and 2 cases of stage 4 retinopathy. Most of them were stage 1~2 retinopathy. Conclusion The incidence of neonatal ophthalmopathy is high. Neonatal ophthalmopathy screening can detect eye diseases in the first time and take timely and effective treatment, and it plays a very important guiding role for future visual health. This method has a strong and scientific necessity.