国家创新绩效评价研究

Evaluation on National Innovation Performance

文章以2014—2016年发布的《全球创新指数》创新得分排名均位于前50的国家为研究对象,以创新带来的最终市场价值来衡量创新产出,引入非链式两阶段DEA测算国家创新效率与创新中间产出的最优配置情况。结果表明:大部分国家创新效率总体水平偏低,主要原因在于创新的市场化效率落后,创新市场化效率随人均GDP增加呈"U"型趋势;创新中间产出对国家经济发展的支撑程度普遍偏低,创新的高市场化效率并不代表创新中间产出的高利用率,各国均存在不同程度的创新中间产出优化配置低效的问题。不同类型国家应根据自身的创新绩效水平制定相应的改进策略,并根据各国创新中间产出实际情况进行相应调整。

This paper takes as the research object the countries whose innovation scores rank the top 50 in Global Innovation Index published from 2014 to 2016, and uses the final market value brought out by innovation to measure innovation output. In addition, the paper also introduces non-chain two-stage DEA to measure and calculate the optimal allocation of national innovation efficiency and innovation intermediate output. The results show that the overall level of innovation efficiencies in most countries is low, mainly due to the low market efficiency;the market efficiency of innovation shows a U-shaped trend with the increase of per capita GDP;the support of innovation intermediate output to national economic development is generally low;high market efficiency of innovation doesn' t mean high utilization of intermediate output of innovation, and all countries have the problem of inefficient allocation of innovation intermediate output. Therefore, different types of countries should formulate corresponding improvement strategies according to their own innovation performance level and make corresponding adjustment according to the actual situation of each country's innovation intermediate output.