融合教育背景下美国高校对残障大学生的特殊教育支持与服务体系研究——以密歇根州立大学为例

The Auxiliary Aids and Services System of American Universities for College Students with Disabilities in the Background of Inclusive Education——A Case Study of Michigan State University

美国高校对残障大学生的特殊教育支持与服务体系对我国高等特殊教育发展具有重要的借鉴意义。以美国密歇根州立大学为例,对其特殊教育支持与服务体系的政策引导、运行程序以及对视力障碍、听力障碍、学习障碍等多类残障大学生的支持与服务内容进行深入探究。据此,针对当前我国高校实际情况提出如下建议:完善特殊教育支持与服务政策,保障残障大学生入学、转衔、教育、毕业与就业;构建专业协同的特殊教育支持与服务团队,实施系统高效的运行与问责机制;关注各类残障学生的需求和体验,提升高等特殊教育质量。

The auxiliary aids and services system of American universities for college students with disabilities is of great significance to the development of special education for disabled college students in China. This study analyzes the auxiliary aids and services system for disabled students in Michigan State University in terms of policy guidance, operation procedures, and the aids and services for college students with visual, hearing, learning and other disabilities. Based on the current situation of China’s universities, the authors suggest improving the policies concerning auxiliary aids and services for special education, ensuring that disabled students enjoy equal rights in enrollment, transfer to other types of institutions of higher learning, education, graduation and employment;building a professional team to offer support and services for special education, and practicing a systematic and effective mechanism for operation and accountability;and focusing on disabled students’ needs and experience, and improving the quality of special education for disabled college students.