环胶州湾流域总氮总量控制指标体系研究

Total Load Control Index System of Total Nitrogen in Jiaozhou Bay

通过建立胶州湾ECOM三维水动力-生物地球化学耦合模型,采用浓度梯度积分法和水质模拟-数学规划法,构建了环胶州湾流域总氮总量控制指标体系,包含胶州湾总氮环境容量、环胶州湾流域污染源、子流域、行政区和入海控制单元总氮总量控制指标。结果表明:研究海域总氮海洋环境容量为1.8×10~4 t/a,且季节变化显著(P<0.05),夏季最高,春季次之,秋季和冬季较低;环胶州湾流域68个点源污染源总氮总量控制指标合计1 040.78 t/a,总氮面源总量控制指标为3 947.5 t/a;环胶州湾1 281个子流域、125个乡镇、10个区市和10个入海控制单元总氮污染物总量控制指标具有显著的空间差异(P<0.05);位于胶州湾湾顶区的入海控制单元的总氮污染物需削减量较高,位于湾口的入海控制单元需削减量较低。研究结果可为相关管理部门有效利用胶州湾海洋环境容量资源及制定相关决策提供科学依据。

A three-dimensional water quality model based on ECOM is constructed and the water quality simulation-mathematical programming method is used to construct the total load control index system of total nitrogen in Jiaozhou Bay.The five-level index system includes total nitrogen marine environmental capacity, the total load control index system of pollution source, sub-Basin, administrative region and source area.Marine environmental capacity in Jiaozhou Bay is 1.8×10^ 4 t/a, and it has obviously seasonal variation( P <0.05), which is higher in summer and lower in autumn and winter.The total load control index of 68 point sources pollutants is 1 040.78 t/a and that of surface sources of pollutants is 3 947.5 t/a.The total load control index of 1 281 sub-basin, 125 towns, 10 cities and 10 source areas have significant spatial differences( P <0.05).The excess emission of total nitrogen on the top of Jiaozhou Bay is more serious than the mouth of Jiaozhou Bay.The research results can provide technical support for relevant administration to make effective use and relevant decisions on marine environmental capacity resources in Jiaozhou Bay.