人羊膜上皮细胞的神经生物学特性及其对中枢神经系统疾病的治疗作用

Neurobiological characteristics of human amniotic epithelial cells and its therapeutic effects on central nervous system diseases

人羊膜上皮细胞(hAECs)形成于受精后第8天,从足月分娩的胎盘羊膜提取的hAECs具有干细胞多向分化潜能和独特的神经生物学特性,其神经生物学特性表现为向神经元分化、合成神经递质、分泌神经营养因子等。实验动物模型的研究表明,hAECs移植对阿尔兹海默病、帕金森氏病、多发性硬化、脊髓损伤等均具有治疗效果,hAECs移植可望成为治疗中枢神经系统疾病新的途径。现就近年来hAECs神经生物学特性及其对中枢神经系统疾病的治疗作用研究进展进行综述,以期为相关领域的研究提供参考。

Human amniotic epithelial cells(hAECs) are formed at 8 th day from the epiblast after fertilization.hAECs isolated and extracted from placenta inner membrane have the potential differentiation ability into all three germ layers and unique neurobiological characteristics.Neurobiological characteristics of hAECs include differentiation to neurons,synthesis of neurotransmitters and secretion of neurotrophic factors.hAECs exhibit alleviative effects on animal models of Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,multiple sclerosis,spinal cord injury,et al.hAECs transplantation is expected to become a new way to treat central nervous system diseases.This review was focuses on the research progress in neurobiological characteristics of hAECs and its effects on central nervous system diseases,which may provide references for other relevant studies.