金融发展、财政扶持与收入贫困

Financial Development, Financial Support and Income Poverty

采用全国22个省市、自治区(北京、天津、上海、河北、江苏、浙江、福建、山东、广东9个基本消除绝对贫困的省市、自治区除外) 2010～2016年的统计数据,实证分析了金融发展、财政扶持对收入贫困的影响。研究结论显示,金融发展与贫困发生率之间存在以人均GDP为门槛的非线性关系。当人均GDP较低时,金融发展速度同贫困减缓速度正相关;当人均GDP越过门槛值呈较高水平时,金融规模扩大速度同贫困减缓速度正相关,但水平低于人均GDP较低时;金融效率提升速度同贫困减缓速度负相关。从财政支持的角度来看,无论是在人均GDP较高的地区,还是在人均GDP较低的地区,财政投入对金融发展的减贫效果都有正向促进作用。

The paper empirically analyses the impact of financial development and financial support on income poverty by using the statistical data of 22 provinces (cities, autonomous regions) in China (except Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Hebei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Shandong and Guangdong) from 2010 to 2016. The research conclusion shows that there is a non-linear relationship between financial development and poverty incidence based on GDP per capita. When GDP per capita is low, the speed of financial development is positively correlated with the speed of poverty alleviation;when GDP per capita crosses the threshold at a higher level, the speed of financial scale expan. sion is positively correlated with the speed of poverty alleviation, but the level is lower than GDP per capita;the speed of financial efficiency improvement is negatively correlated with the speed of poverty alleviation. From the per. spective of financial support, whether in areas with high per capita GDP or in areas with low per capita GDP, fiscal input has a positive effect on poverty reduction of financial development.