山东省某农村小学生情感忽视的调查研究

Survey on childhood emotional neglect in rural area of Shandong province

目的研究农村小学生情感忽视的发生率及其影响因素,为制定预防儿童情感忽视措施提供参考。方法 2014年对山东省某农村地区5所学校一至六年级的989名小学生家长进行匿名自填式问卷调查,了解儿童情感忽视的发生情况,并采用Logistic回归方程分析家长对子女情感忽视的影响因素。结果被调查家长对儿童情感忽视的总发生率为56.9%,男、女儿童情感忽视率分别为54.8%和59.3%,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=2.020,P=0.155)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,高年级(OR=1.912)、儿童学习成绩差(OR=1.852)、非独生子女(OR=1.445)、家长学历低(OR=1.527)、家庭经济状况差(OR=1.576)、父母社会支持程度一般/较少(OR=2.161)是儿童情感忽视的危险因素。结论所调查农村地区的儿童情感忽视发生率较高,应重视农村地区家长对儿童的情感忽视问题,开展预防儿童情感忽视的父母教育活动,提高父母的育儿技能。

Objective To explore the prevalence and associated risk factors of childhood emotional neglect,in order to provide references for the prevention of childhood emotional neglect. Methods An anonymous survey was conducted in 989 primary school students′ parents from five primary schools in a rural area of Shandong province in 2014.Self-administered questionnaires were used to investigate childhood emotional neglect.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was undertaken to analyze the influencing factors of emotional neglect. Results A total of 989 primary school students were involved in this survey,and the emotional neglect was highly prevalent among this population.The total prevalence rate of childhood emotional neglect was 56.9%,including 54.8% for boys and 59.3% for girls,but the difference was not significant(χ^2=2.020,P=0.155).Logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors for childhood emotional neglect included children with higher grades(OR=1.912),with poorer academic achievement(OR=1.852),non-only child(OR=1.445),parents with lower education(OR=1.527),poorer family economic condition(OR=1.576) and less social support(OR=2.161). Conclusions Childhood emotional neglect is prevalent in rural area,so more attention should be paid to the emotional neglect of parents from rural areas.Besides,it is suggested to carry out parental education activities in order to enhance parents′ parenting skills.