从军事共产主义到新经济政策——以俄国农民问题为中心

From Military Communism to the New Economic Policy——To Russian Pwasants as the Center of the Problem

在1917年的俄国,虽然资本主义已经有了相当程度的发展,但是农民依然占据了俄国总人口的绝大部分,小农经济也依旧是俄国经济的支柱之一。在这样一种情况下,农民是否支持新生的布尔什维克政权就具有非凡的意义。这样,在从军事共产主义到新经济政策的发展过程中,农民因素就占据了非常重要地位。笔者试图以农民问题为视角来探析从军事共产主义到新经济政策的演变过程,揭示俄国农民问题没有得到解决的原因。

in Russia1917, though capitalism had the considerable development, but the farmers still occupied most of Russia’s population, small peasant economy also remains one of the pillars in the Russian economy.In such situation, the farmer whether to support the new Bolshevik regime has the special significance.So, from the military communism to the process of the development of new economic policy, farmers factors occupies very important position.The author tries to analysis in the perspective of peasant problem from military communism to the evolution of new economic policy and reveal the cause of Russian peasants problem not been solved.