少数民族农民工的身份认同与城市融入——基于广西南宁一个少数民族农民工聚居地的考察

IDENTITY AND URBAN INTEGRATION OF MINORITY MIGRANT WORKERS:An Investigation Based on A Minority Migrant Workers' Settlement In Nanning, Guangxi

随着城市化的发展,大量少数民族农民工进入到城市谋生。因为兼具农民和少数民族双重身份,在与城市居民和其他民族接触中,其身份认同的模糊性、多元性和矛盾性逐步凸显出来,这明显不利于其城市融入和"市民化"。本文以主观视角入手,在分析少数民族农民工身份认同基本情况的基础上,探讨身份构建与城市融入的影响因素和相互关系,认为,在"市民"和"农民"认同中的模糊性和被动性,是城乡二元结构的社会制度长期影响的结果;民族身份相对明确,并呈现出多样化的选择;随着群体内部的社会分化日益明显,多重身份在转化和构建中也呈现出差异性、多元性和非均衡性特点。最后,就其"内卷化"困境和城市融入提出了相应对策。

With the development of urbanization, a large number of minority migrant workers have entered the city to make a living. Because of the dual identity of farmers and ethnic minorities, the ambiguity, diversity and contradiction of their identity have gradually emerged in contact with urban residents and other ethnic groups. This is obviously not conducive to its urban integration and "citizenization". Based on the subjective perspective, this article explores the influencing factors and interrelationships between identity construction and urban integration on the basis of analyzing the basic situation of minority migrant workers' identity. It is found that the ambiguity and passiveness in the identification of citizens and farmers are the results of the long-term effects of the social system of the urban-rural dual structure. The ethnic identity is relatively clear and presents a variety of choices. As the social differentiation within the group becomes more obvious, multiple identities also exhibit differences, diversity and non-equilibrium characteristics in transformation and construction. Finally, the corresponding countermeasures are proposed for its "involvement" dilemma and urban integration.