植物雄性不育的机制及应用研究进展

Progress of Mechanism of Male Sterility of Plants and Its Application

雄性不育在植物生长和发育中发挥着重要作用。概述了植物雄性不育的形成、分类、细胞生物学、物质能量代谢等特征,从表观遗传学、分子标记、基因型鉴定、转录调控因子、基因表达等方面阐述了植物雄性不育的分子机制,揭示了生长调节剂对植物雄性不育的影响。最后,从植物雄性不育材料获取方法的选择与评估、优良不育系和授粉系的筛选、高产不育系培育等方面分析了植物雄性不育应用所面临的问题、对策及发展趋势。

Male sterility plays important roles in plant development and growth.The formation,classification,cell biology and metabolic mechanism of male sterility in plants were summarized,then the molecular mechanism of male sterility from the epigenetic genetics,molecular marker,identification of genotype,transcriptional factors and gene expression were revealed,and the effect of plant hormones on male sterility was also elaborated.Finally,problems of male sterility application were analyzed,and strategies and development trends were put forward from the selection and evaluation of breeding methods for obtaining male sterile materials,screening of fine sterile lines and pollination lines as well as breeding high yield sterile lines.