规范化护理对乙肝疫苗低应答及无应答中老年人群疫苗复种后的价值

Nursing value of standardized nursing care after vaccine replication in the middle-aged and elderly with low and non-response hepatitis B vaccine

目的探究规范化护理对乙肝疫苗低应答、无应答中老年人群疫苗复种后的护理价值。方法选取2017年1月—2018年1月于绍兴文理学院附属医院(绍兴市立医院)进行乙肝疫苗复种的乙肝疫苗低应答、无应答的中、老年研究对象共160例,将所有研究对象按随机数字表法分为常规护理组和规范化护理组2组各80例。使用重组乙肝表面抗原疫苗(酵母)对2组研究对象上臂三角肌肌肉进行注射接种,对常规护理组研究对象进行常规护理,对规范化护理组研究对象进行规范化护理。免疫透射比浊法检测乙肝病毒标志物,使用特制问卷对所有研究对象家属满意情况进行调查,统计2组研究对象接受疫苗复种后不良反应发生情况以及处理情况,并进行组间比较。结果 2组研究对象分别注射乙肝疫苗并接受护理后,规范化护理组家属总满意度显著高于常规护理组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组研究对象分别注射乙肝疫苗后不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。经过护理后,规范化护理组出现不良反应全部得到及时处理,显著高于常规护理组的不良反应处理率(36.36%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论进行规范化护理干预,能够对疫苗接种后出现的不良反应进行及时处理,使家属更加满意。

Objective To explore the nursing value of standardized nursing for patients with low response and no response to hepatitis b vaccine after reseeding. Methods A total of 160 middle-aged and elderly people who received multiple vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine from January 2017 to January 2018 in Shaoxing Municipal Hospital were selected. All the subjects were randomly divided into two groups: routine nursing group and standardized nursing group, with 80 cases in each group. The recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen vaccine(yeast) was used to inoculate the deltoid muscle of upper arm of two groups of subjects. The subjects in the routine nursing group were given routine nursing, and the subjects in the standardized nursing group were given standardized nursing. Immunotransmission turbidimetry was used to detect hepatitis B virus markers. A special questionnaire was used to investigate the satisfaction of family members of all the subjects. The incidence and treatment of adverse reactions after vaccination were counted and compared between the two groups. Results After two groups of subjects injected with hepatitis B vaccine and received nursing, the total satisfaction of family members in the standardized nursing group was significantly higher than that in the conventional nursing group, with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups after injection of hepatitis B vaccine(P>0.05). After nursing, all the patients in the standardized nursing group who had adverse reactions were treated in time, which was significantly higher than 36.36% in the conventional nursing group(P<0.05). Conclusion The standardized nursing intervention can timely deal with the adverse reactions after vaccination and make the family members more satisfied.