直觉、顿悟与超然:运动技能习得过程及学习策略

Intuition, insight and free: Process and learning strategy of motor acquisition

探讨运动技能的习得机制,提高学习效率。利用文献资料、案例分析等方法研究运动技能习得过程。结果表明:运动技能习得具有明显的阶段性特征。直觉是运动技能习得的最初阶段,知识经验、信息选择和已有记忆经验结合形成了卓越的运动直觉,此阶段,模仿、描述与分析和内隐学习非常重要;顿悟是技能习得的关键环节,实践体验、重复练习和快速、准确的反馈可以加速顿悟出现;顿悟出现后,长期的、大量的练习下就会出现超然现象。

This paper discusses the acquisition mechanism of motor and improves the efficiency of learning. It uses literature and case to analyze the process of motor acquisition. The results show that motor acquisition has obvious phase characteristics. Intuition is the initial stage of motor acquisition. The combination of knowledge experience, information selection and existing memory experience forms a superior sports intuition. At this stage, imitation, description and analysis, implicit learning are very important;practical experience, repeated practice and fast and accurate feedback can accelerate the emergence of insight;after the emergence of the insight, there will be a free phenomenon under a large number of long-term exercises.