中国住房公积金制度的目标定位与政策取向

The Target Positioning and Policy Orientation of China's Housing Provident Fund System

本文在梳理各类住房公积金定位争论中,重点探讨了各类公积金定位的内在层次结构以及功能定位、目标人群定位与制度目标定位三个容易混杂概念的联系与区别,认为制度目标仍需定位于"解决居民住房问题"或"提高居民居住水平",这是辨别和厘清各类公积金定位问题的价值取向。在此基础上,分析目标定位所面临的"普惠与特惠"、"强制与自愿"、"储金与基金"和"职能与工具"的争论困境。基于此,本文认为制度的存续应坚持强制缴交的特性,但需以基本住房为立足点,改革公积金缴、存、贷等各项制度工具,调整管理体制,引导制度金融功能发挥住房保障的作用,突破现有制度所面临的各种困境。

In the debate on the positioning of housing provident funds(HPF), this paper focuses on the internal hierarchy of various types of positioning, and the connection and difference between the function positioning of HPF, the target group positioning and the system target positioning as well. Furthermore, this paper analyzes the dilemma of ’inclusive and preferential’,’mandatory and voluntary’,’deposit and fund’ and ’functions and tools’ which exists in the target orientation. Based on this, this paper proposes that the existence of the system still needs to adhere to the characteristics of compulsory payment, but should take the basic housing as the foothold, reform the institutional tools such as the accumulation, deposit and loan of HPF, adjust the management system, and guide the institutional financial function to ensure housing security so as to break through various difficulties.