外周静脉输注氯化钾所致疼痛护理的最佳证据

Best evidence for nursing of pain caused by peripheral intravenous infusion of potassium chloride

目的评价及总结缓解外周静脉输注氯化钾所致疼痛的最佳证据,为临床相关护理实践提供参考。方法计算机检索Medline、Emabase数据库、Cochrane图书馆、JBI循证卫生保健国际合作中心图书馆、BMJ最佳临床实践、加拿大安大略注册护士协会(RNAO)、美国指南网(AHRQ)、美国静脉输液协会(INS)、中国临床指南网、中华护理学会官网,以及原始文献数据库PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网(CNKI)、中国生物医学数据库(SinoMed)、万方数据、维普等数据库建库至2018年5月中涉及含钾溶液输注疼痛缓解方法的所有文献,包括临床实践指南、最佳实践信息册、推荐实践、系统评价及原始研究。结果最终纳入6篇文献,其中关于利多卡因使用的系统综述1篇,原始研究5篇。总结出少量利多卡因静脉注射、与氯化钠溶液配伍使用、正骨水与麝香止痛膏外敷、局部冰敷4个证据类别,共9个证据条目。结论缓解外周静脉输注氯化钾所致疼痛可提高患者舒适感和治疗依从性,临床医护人员应依据最佳临床证据并依据医院实际医疗情况进行证据的运用,以提高护理质量。

Objective To evaluate and summarize the best evidence of alleviating pain caused by peripheral intravenous infusion of potassium chloride, and to provide reference for clinical related nursing practice.Methods We retrieved all the literatures on the relief methods of pain caused by potassium containing solution infusion in Medline, Emabase database, the Cochrane library, JBI evidence-based health care international cooperation center library, BMJ best clinical practice, Registered Nurses′ Association of Ontario(RNAO), Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality(AHRQ), Infusion Nurse Society(INS), Chinese clinical guidelines network, the Chinese nursing association and original literature database PubMed, web of science, CNKI, SinoMed, Wan Fang data and VIP database using computer, since the foundation of these database to May 2018,which included clinical practice guidelines, the best practices information booklets, recommended practices, systematic review and original articles.Results Finally, 6 literatures were included, which consisted of 1 systematic review of lidocaine use and 5 original articles. And four categories of evidence were summarized,which were a small amount of lidocaine intravenous injection, the combined use with sodium chloride solution, external application of bone-setting water and musk ointment, and local ice compression, including 9 items of evidence.Conclusion Alleviating the pain casued by peripheral intravenous potassium chloride injection could increase patients′ comfort and treatment compliance, medical staff should use the evidence according to the best clinical evidence and the actual medical condition of the hospital, so as to increase nursing quality.