乡村幼儿园户外空间生产问题及因应策略——以贵州黔东南D幼儿园为例

Problems about Outdoor Space Production and Countermeasures in Rural Kindergartens——Taking D Kindergarten in Southest Guizhou Province as an Example

采用参与式观察法与半结构式访谈法,从物质空间维度和意义生产维度出发,实地考察乡村幼儿园户外空间生产状况。结果发现,乡村幼儿园物质层面存在"无教育者参与"的空间设计和"无系统规划"的空间改造,意义层面存在"少有效利用"的教师运用和"缺教育支持"的儿童体验等问题。研究建议教师、家长与幼儿应当共同参与到幼儿园户外物质空间生产过程,借助乡村自然资源的优势,发挥户外空间场域的育人功能;教师应重视儿童的空间体验,提供及时的教育支持,赋予乡村幼儿园户外空间多彩的意义生产。

Using the participatory observation method and the semi-structured interview method,the study starts from the material space dimension and the meaning production dimension to inspect the outdoor space production status of the rural kindergarten.The results show that there is a spatial design of “no educator participation” and a spatial transformation of “no intentional planning” at the material level of rural kindergartens.There are problems such as “ineffective use” of teachers and “lack of education support”.The research suggests that teachers,parents and young children should participate in the outdoor material space production process in kindergartens,and take advantage of rural natural resources and give play of the educational function of outdoor space fields;teachers should pay attention to children’s spatial experience and provide timely support,giving the rural kindergarten a colorful meaning of outdoor space production.