地铁车站客流瓶颈识别与疏解方案优化研究

Identification and Optimization of Resolving Bottleneck for Passenger flow in Metro Stations

客流瓶颈的疏解对车站日常运营安全有着重要影响。构建了综合考虑M/G/c/c模型和用户均衡理论的乘客网络动态客流分配和瓶颈识别模型,通过多指标比较,有效识别车站瓶颈及其拥堵情况。在识别出的瓶颈点处进一步考虑瓶颈疏解方法,比较了不同导流杆设置方法对疏解效果的影响。以宋家庄站为例,对该站的瓶颈点进行识别和疏解,仿真结果表明,导流杆连续设置时对瓶颈的疏解效果较为稳定,案例中最优场景瓶颈区域密度均值和最大值明显下降,间隔设置时疏解效果则不如连续设置时明显。

Resolving of bottleneck for passenger flow has important impacts on daily operation safety in metro stations.A model is developed to allocate dynamic passenger flow and identify bottleneck considering M/G/c/c model and equilibrium theory.Situations of bottleneck and congestion are effectively identified according to multiple indicators.The method to resolve and relief bottleneck is further studied at bottleneck points where have been identified.Influences of different configurations of guide rail are compared.A case study based on Songjiazhuang metro station validates that the model is able to identify bottleneck points in stations and arrange approximate guide rails.The guide rails which continuously set are able to stably reduce the mean and maximum density of the bottleneck areas.When the layout is discontinuous,its effects are not as obvious as continuous setting.