马克思资本批判路径的嬗变

The evolution of Marx's critical path of capital

马克思通过批判性分析资本主义社会资本和劳动的内在矛盾,揭露了资本的剥削本质和劳动异化的根源,论证了资本主义社会为共产主义社会所取代的历史必然性。马克思运用的资本批判路径有一个渐变的过程。在《巴黎手稿》中,马克思基于以抽象的人为出发点的人本逻辑对私有财产进行了批判,对异化劳动和私有财产的关系进行了早期探索。随着唯物史观的逐渐确立及成熟,马克思运用科学逻辑对雇佣劳动和资本的关系进行了深层透视。在《资本论》及其手稿中,马克思运用唯物辩证法为主的辩证逻辑,深刻剖析了资本及资本主义生产方式下的雇佣劳动。批判路径的嬗变不仅彰显了马克思对资本批判思想的深度,而且对理解和指导我国提出的新型经济全球化具有重要的现实意义。

Marx demonstrated the historical inevitability that capitalism was replaced by communism by critically analyzing the inherent contradiction between capitalism and labor.Marx has a gradual process in the choice of the path of criticizing capital.In Paris manuscripts,Marx criticized private property based on the humanistic logic of abstract man,and made an early exploration of the relationship between alienated labor and private property.With the gradual establishment and maturity of historical materialism,Marx used scientific logic to make a deep perspective on the relationship between wage labor and capital.In "das kapital" and its manuscripts,Marx used the dialectical logic based on materialist dialectics to profoundly analyze capital and mercenary labor under the capitalist mode of production.The evolution of the critical path not only reveals the depth of Marx’s critical thoughts on capital,but also has important significance for understanding and guiding the new economic globalization proposed by China.