论民营化中行政权的保留

On the Retention of Administrative Power in Privatization

民营化是各国公共管理的一大趋势,因为它有助于提高行政效率、节省行政成本、分减政府行政系统的负担等。通常情况下,民营化意味着行政权在该领域或者管理模式中的淡出。然而,在我国目前情况下,行政权在该领域内并不能完全退出。民营化应当只是行政治理模式的转换,虽然相关的经营主体或者管理主体变为了私方主体,但民营化中行政权应当有适度的保留。主要原因在于:民营化是一把双刃剑,有利亦有弊,同时会带来一定风险,如私方主体追求收益优先,降低经营质量,改变行政目标,恶意串通等等。为此行政权应以与私权融合的方式、以契约的方式、通过制定行政规则的方式和以监督的方式予以保留。

Privatization is a trend in public administration of every country,because it is helpful to improve administrative efficiency,save administrative costs and reduce the burden of administrative systems of government.Generally,privatization means the fading out of executive power from the field or administration mode.However,under the current situation of our country,executive power is unable to completely fade out from the field.Privatization should only be the transformation of administrative governance mode.Although related management entities and governance entities are replaced by private entities,executive power should be reserved moderately in privatization.The main reason is that privatization is a double-edged sword with advantages and disadvantages,which would bring some risks like private entities giving priority to benefits,lowering management quality,changing administrative goals,malicious collusion,etc.Thus,executive power should be reserved in ways that integrating with private rights,contract,making administrative rules and monitoring.