不同饲养方式下奶牛感染BPIV-3、Brucella的血清学流行病学调查

Sero - epidmiological survey of BPIV-3、Brucella infection among dairy cows under different feeding methods

目的:了解不同的饲养方式下奶牛感染牛副流感3型病毒(Bovine parainfluenza virus type3,BPIV-3)及布鲁氏菌(Brucella)的状况,为提高奶牛的繁殖率提供科学依据。方法:采用完全随机抽样的方法,抽取内蒙西部地区散养牛共151头、其中伴有流产、子宫炎的成母牛和肺炎等症状的犊牛40头。养牛场集中饲养牛共176头,其中伴有流产、子宫炎的成母牛和肺炎等症状的犊牛49头。共计327头作为研究对象。采用ELISA方法检测血清,测定其感染性抗体。结果:集中饲养牛组BPIV-3抗体和Brucella抗体检出率分别为9.09%和25.57%,散养组BPIV-3抗体和Brucella抗体检出率为分别为3.31%和11.92%,两组BPIV-3抗体和Brucella抗体检出率比较均有统计学意义(χ^2=4.52,P<0.05;χ^2=9.73,P<0.05);伴有流产、子宫炎的成母牛和肺炎等症状的犊牛集中饲养牛组BPIV-3抗体和Brucella抗体检出率为分别为30.61%和85.71%,散养牛组BPIV-3抗体和Brucella抗体检出率为分别为为12.05%和37.50%,两组BPIV-3抗体和Brucella抗体检出率均有统计学意义(χ^2=4.15,P<0.05;χ^2=22.23,P<0.05);两组BPIV-3、Brucella的混合感染率有统计学意义(χ^2=6.328,P<0.05)。结论:饲养方式会影响奶牛的繁殖率,且集中饲养方式的感染率明显大于散养。

Objective:To understand the infection of BPIV-3 and Brucella in dairy cows under different feeding methods,and to provide scientific basis for improving the reproductive rate of dairy cows.Methods:A total of 151 scattered cows in the western part of Inner Mongolia were selected by the method of complete random sampling,including 40 calves with symptoms such as abortion,uterine inflammation,and pneumonia.176 farm cows included 49 calves with symptoms such as abortion and uterine inflammation and pneumonia.A total of 327 cows were selected as research objects.Infectious antibodies in serum were detected by ELISA.Results:The detection rates of BPI antibody and Brucellosis antibody in the concentrated cattle group were 9.09%and 25.57%respectively.In the scattered group they were 3.31%and 11.92%respectively.The detection rates of BPI antibodies and Brucellosis antibodies in the two groups were statistically significant(χ^2=4.52,P<0.05;χ^2=9.73,P<0.05).The detection rates of BPI antibody and Brucellosis antibody were 30.61%and 85.71%respectively in farm cows with abortion,uterine inflammation and pneumonia.In the scattered group they were 12.05%and 37.50%.The detection rates of BPI antibodies and Brucellosis antibodies in the two groups were statistically significant(χ^2=4.15,P<0.05;χ^2=22.23,P<0.05).The mixed infection rates of BPIV-3 and Brucella were not statistically significant(χ^2=1.428,P>0.05).Conclusions:Feeding methods will affect the reproduction rate of dairy cows,and the infection rate of centralized feeding was significantly higher than that of scattered feeding.