中国非法证据排除规则运行二十年:现状、反思及展望

Looking Back on Chinese Exclusionary Rule after Twenty Years:Realities,Reflections and Expectations

经过20年左右的探索性运行,中国非法证据排除规则取得了一定的成效,但仍然面临着制度困境与运行实效上的尴尬。仅仅对规则进行解释与法理论证,难以真正变革非法证据排除制度。无论是中国当下的法教义学还是法律实证分析方法,均难以让非法证据排除规则对司法机关产生深远影响力。中国"排非"规则的运行,应当通过多元化的改革举措来保证其实施。法院可采用更严格的排除标准,立法机关应当制定更细密化的排除细则,同时采用其他替代性司法机制及强化检察监督,才能使中国的非法证据排除规则真正付诸实效。

Since Exclusionary Rule came into force in Chinese criminal procedure about twenty years ago,it is still facing with some dilemmas in actual judicial world although it has had some good influences on Chinese criminal justice.It is so hard to welcome revolutionary changes only by academically interpreting legalities or legal theories.Whether Chinese legal dogmatic or analytical positivist jurisprudence,they both cannot laid solid foundations on Exclusionary Rule which also means they may be far away from actual effects on Chinese criminal judicial process.It may be better to find pluralistic reforming ways to guarantee its legal force.For example,in order to make the Rule into actual force,the court should follow more strict judicial standards on police's unlawful evidence,legislator should regulate elaborate rules and find alternative legal ways to sustain Exclusionary Rule including with respect of prosecutor's legal directing power.