疑难案件中法官的“自由裁量权”

Judge’s "discretion" in difficult cases

疑难案件是法理学中的一个重要问题,自哈特与德沃金进行论争开始,至今仍未得到完全的解答。同时,随着社会的发展,疑难案件愈加频发,司法实践中的困境急需理论上的回应。关于疑难案件如何处理,哈特认为需要依靠法官的自由裁量权。本文即从哈特提出的这种自由裁量权出发,通过对疑难案件与自由裁量权之间的关系进行论述,论证自由裁量权存在的必要性,并尝试进一步分析这种自由裁量权的性质和功能,以期为疑难案件的理论研究和司法实践提供一些思考。

The difficult case is an important problem in jurisprudence.Since the dispute between Hart and Dvorkin,it has not been completely answered.At the same time,with the development of society,more and more difficult cases occur,and the dilemma in judicial practice is in urgent need of theoretical response.How to deal with difficult cases,Hart argues,depends on the discretion of the judge.Starting from this kind of discretion put forward by Hart,this paper discusses the relationship between difficult cases and discretion,and demonstrates the necessity of the existence of discretion.And try to further analyze the nature and function of this discretion,with a view to the theoretical study of difficult cases and Judicial practice provides some thought.