古代中非交往史料补遗与辨析——兼论早期中国黑人来源问题

Supplement and Analysis of the Historical Data of Ancient Sino-African Communication-also on the Origin of Negroes in Early China

本文涉及早期中非关系的史料问题,主要分为四个部分:第一、二部分是关于中国人在非洲的相关线索。作者分析了国外学者有关南部非洲、苏丹、埃塞俄比亚和东非海岸的相关发现和研究成果。第三部分是关于汉代黑人在中国的有关记载,讨论了居延汉简中有关"黑肤人"的记载及相关研究成果。第四部分涉及唐代黑人(昆仑和僧祇)的来源,对张星烺的"非洲来源说"和葛承雍的"南海来源说"进行了分析。作者得出三点结论:黑人早于唐朝存在于中国社会;对唐朝黑人来源的解释宜采用多元说而非单一说;中非早期交往只有经过长期细致的研究并整合各方面的证据,才能得出有说服力的结论。

This paper deals with the historical data of the early Sino-African relations,which is mainly divided into four parts. The first and second parts examine the clues of the Chinese in Africa discovered in Africa and foreign scholars’ research on the relations between China and southern Africa,the Sudan,Ethiopia and East African coast respectively. The third examines the records of black-skin people in China in the Han Dynasty through the records of Juyan Han-Jian( bamboo-slips in Juyan). The fourth studies the black people of the Tang Dynasty( Kunlun and Sengqi) and the debate between Zhang Xinglang’s "African origin"and Ge Chengyong’s"South China Sea origin". The author draws three conclusions. The black people should have existed in China before the Tang Dynasty. The explanation of the origin of the black people of the Tang Dynasty should be multivariate rather than singular. Only through a meticulous study with various data,can we draw a convincing conclusion regarding the early contact between China and Africa.