新时代网络法律建设——基于21世纪发达国家的经验与启示

Analysis of the Development of Developed Countries' Network Law and Its Implications for China's Network Law Construction

通过文献分析方法,回顾了世界发达国家的网络法律制度建设,包括美国、加拿大、德国、英国、法国、日本、韩国、新加坡,将其国家网络法律制度形成、发展和完善的历史流变作一梳理。运用比较分析方法,分析了发达国家网络法律制度的优势,认为发达国家网络法律制度的顶层设计较为完善,网络立法与国际法相协调,注重国际合作,注重网络法律的系统性和完整性建设,重视网络行业自律、民间管理的作用。借鉴发达国家先进的网络法律建设和治理经验,从国家、市场、社会、公民多角度入手,健全完善网络制度法律,提升公民网络法律意识,重视行业自律和民间组织自治。网络立法应保持适度超前性和开放性,注重国际化,增强网络法律的系统性和完整性。强化网络社会行政、执法和司法实践。

Based on literature research, this paper studies relevant records of network legal systems in developed countries including USA, Canada, Germany, UK, France, Japan, Korea and Singapore and illustrates the formation, development and perfection of those network legal systems over history. A comparative method is adopted to analyze the advantages and features of the network legal systems in those countries, concluding that there are relatively mature top-level designs therein, and the network legislation there coordinates with international laws. Therefore, China should learn from those countries' experience in network law construction and management, and complete and perfect China's network legal system from multiple facets of state, market, society and citizen. China's network legislation should raise citizens' awareness of the network law, emphasizes the self-regulation and self-governance of civil organizations. It should enhance the systematicity and completeness of China's network laws and regulations, and improve the administration, law enforcement and juridical practice in network society. It should be open, somewhat forward-looking and internationalized.