新中国成立以来农民生育观的变迁——基于苏北W村的个案研究

A Study on the Changes in the View of Procreation of the Rural Population since the Founding of New China——A Case Study of W Village in Northern Jiangsu

通过对新中国成立以来W村的三代农民——新中国成立前后出生的一代、新中国成立后改革开放前出生的一代、改革开放后出生并长大的一代生育观进行调查,结果表明,仅仅用了六十多年的时间,中国农民的生育观已经发生了翻天覆地的变化,描画出一段从神圣到世俗之旅:在生育目的上越来越看重对于个人的意义,在生育年龄上逐步推迟,在生育数量上急剧减少,在生育质量上日益重视,在性别偏好上男性偏好大幅弱化,女性偏好开始出现。

The results of a survey of the three generations of people in W village since the founding of new China, including the generation born before and after the founding of new China, the generation born between this and the reform and opening-up and the generation born and brought up thereafter, showed that only within more than sixty years, their views of procreation has undergone tremendous changes. Procreation, once taken as something sacred, is now considered a secular issue. Personal will has gained increasingly more respect, with the age of marriage and childbearing much delayed, the number of intentional births drastically reduced, and the cultivation and education of the children highly stressed. While the male preference is weakened, the female preference has appeared.