网络谣言的刑法规制

Criminal Law Regulation of Network Rumors

网络谣言是指主要通过网络媒体来传播的没有事实根据或者是空想产生的不真实信息,它不仅会侵害公民的合法权益,还会严重扰乱社会公共秩序,损害政府形象。虽然我国对网络谣言进行了一定的刑法规制,但是我国刑法对网络谣言的相关规定缺乏明确的认定标准,对犯罪主观方面的规定只有直接故意,并且有关网络谣言的制裁范围过窄,对网络谣言的处罚在刑期上较为偏低,不利于网络谣言问题的解决。因此,应当通过完善网络谣言散发和传播的刑事责任制度、扩大刑法对网络谣言犯罪的认定、健全刑罚制度、完善诽谤罪自诉转公诉的衔接机制、加强网络环境的管制等方面来实现对网络谣言的刑法规制。

Network rumors refer to unreal information which is spread mainly through the network media without factual basis or fantasy.It will not only infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of citizens,but also seriously disturb social and public order and damage the image of the government.Although our country has a certain criminal law regulation on network rumors,the relevant provisions of our criminal law on network rumors lack a clear standard of identification,the provisions on subjective aspects of crime only have direct intent,and the scope of sanctions on Internet rumors is too narrow,the punishment on network rumors is relatively low in the term of imprisonment,which is not conducive to the solution of the problem of Internet rumors.Therefore,we should perfect the criminal responsibility system for the dissemination and dissemination of network rumors,expand the criminal law’s cognizance of the crime of network rumors,improve the penalty system,improve the linking mechanism of libel private prosecution to public prosecution,and strengthen the control of the network environment to achieve the criminal regulation of network rumors.