水提法和仿生提取法研究菲牛蛭及其炮制品的抗血栓活性

Anti-thrombosis Activity of Different Products of Poecilobdella Manillensis Processed by Water Extraction or Bionic Extraction

目的:确定菲牛蛭传统炮制的科学性。方法:分别采用水提取法和仿生提取法提取菲牛蛭清水吊干品、活体冻干品、滑石粉烫制品、酒浸闷烘品中的抗血栓活性成分,以纤维蛋白平板法和纤维蛋白原平板法的透明圈面积为活性指标进行纤溶活性测定,并建立体外血栓模型,通过血凝块的失重比进一步测定抗血栓活性。结果:各炮制品均能使纤维蛋白平板产生透明圈。采用水提取法时,滑石粉烫制和酒浸闷烘后的菲牛蛭溶圈面积减小,纤溶活性降低,活性顺序为:清水吊干品>活体冻干品>酒浸闷烘品>滑石粉烫制品,此结果与体外溶解血凝块的失重比结果一致;而采用仿生提取法时,结果均显示炮制使菲牛蛭纤溶活性及溶栓率升高,且活性顺序为:滑石粉烫制品>酒浸闷烘品>清水吊干品>活体冻干品。仿生提取法较水提取法更符合菲牛蛭经口服后在人体内的吸收过程,结果更有说服力。结论:传统的炮制方法不仅可以矫味矫臭,还可增强菲牛蛭的抗血栓活性作用。

Objective:To determine the scientificity of traditionally processed P.manillensis.Methods:The water extraction method and the bionic extraction method were used respectively to extract the anti-thrombosis active components in P.manillensis hanging dried products,living freeze-dried products,talcum powder fried products and wine immersing-baked products.On the basis of summarizing the experimental experience of the previous researchers,the fibrinolytic activity was measured by the area of transparent ring of fibrin plate method and fibrinogen plate method,and the thrombus model in vitro was established.The antithrombotic activity was further measured by the weight loss ratio of blood clot.Results:It was found that every processed product could produce a transparent ring on the fibrin plate,and the size of the transparent ring produced by different processed products was different,so the fibrinolytic active components in the various artillery products were different.When the water extraction method was used,the antithrombosis activities of P.manillensis were decreased both in the talcum powder fried products and the wine immersing-baked products,and the activity order was as follows:hanging dried products>living freeze-dried products>wine immersing-baked products>talcum powder fried products.The results were in agreement with those of the weight loss ratio of the dissolved blood clot in vitro.The conclusion was the same as the mostly previous studies,which using the water extraction method.When the bionic extraction method was used,the results showed that the fibrinolytic activity and the thrombolysis rate of P.manillensis were increased,and the activity order was as follows:talcum powder fried products>wine immersing-baked products>hanging dried products>living freeze-dried products.Compared with the water extraction method,the bionic extraction method was more similar to the absorption process of P.manillensis in human digestive system after oral administration,and the extracted ingredients of the bionic extraction method were more consistent with human digestion and absorption.Conclusion:The traditional processing method can not only modify the taste and the smell,but also enhance the anti-thrombosis activity of P.manillensis.