土地要素错配阻碍了中国产业结构升级吗?——基于中国230个地级市的经验证据

Does the mismatch of land factors hinder the optimization and upgrading of China's industrial structure? Empirical evidence based on 230 prefecture-level cities in China

土地要素作为稀缺的生产要素之一,其合理配置对于产业结构升级至关重要。但工业用地和商服用地的出让方式及定价方式的差异,造成土地要素错配现象逐渐凸显,严重阻碍了产业结构的优化升级。利用2007—2015年230个地级市的面板数据,通过构建土地要素错配指数,理论和实证检验了土地要素错配对产业结构升级的影响。研究结果显示:(1)从产业结构升级指数来看,土地要素错配显著抑制了产业结构优化升级,且这种抑制作用不随城市等级不同而变化;(2)机制检验结果显示,土地要素错配会通过抑制技术创新和扭曲财政支出结构等方面阻碍产业结构升级。

As one of the scarce productive factors,the rational allocation of land elements is very important for upgrading the industrial structure. However,due to the differences in the modes of transfer and pricing of industrial land and commercial land,the mismatch of land elements has become increasingly prominent,which has seriously hindered the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure. Therefore,this paper uses the panel data of 230 prefecture-level cities from 2007 to 2015 to construct the mismatch index of land factors,and the impact of land factor mismatch on industrial upgrading is examined theoretically and empirically. The results show that:( 1) From the industrial structure upgrading index,the mismatch of land factors significantly inhibits the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure,and this restraint does not change with the city level.( 2) The results of the intermediate mechanism show that the mismatch of land factors hinders the upgrading of industrial structure by restraining technological innovation and distorting the structure of fiscal expenditure.