海峡两岸相约自杀行为法律性质判定之比较研究

A Comparative Study of the Judgement of Legal Nature of SuicidePact between Taiwan and China's Mainland

相约自杀行为指两人以上以其真实意志约定共同自杀的行为。该行为在海峡两岸的刑法理论中,不仅称谓不同,其法律性质更是天壤之别。该行为在中国台湾地区"刑法"中称为谋为同死,并且"免除其刑";但在大陆刑法中,却并没有对该行为的明文规定,仅在司法实践中将其作为故意杀人罪的一种进行定罪量刑。对海峡两岸的刑法规定、司法实践和理论研究进行比较之后得出:应将相约自杀行为中的得承诺或受嘱托的行为和教唆他人相约自杀的行为另定罪名进行处罚,而不是将其作为故意杀人行为的一种;将相约自杀时的一般帮助行为不作为犯罪处理。

Suicide behavior refers to two or more people decided to commit suicide for its true volition. But in the theory of criminal law on both sides of the Straits,this act is not only different in terms of appellation,but also in terms of its legal nature. In Taiwan’s"criminal law",this act is called"conspiracy to commit the same crime",and"exempted from its punishment". However,in China's Mainland’s criminal law,there is no explicit provision for this act,but it’s only punished as a crime of conviction and sentencing. On the basis of comparing the criminal law regulations,judicial practice and theoretical research on both sides of the Taiwan straits,it is necessary to punish the behavior of getting commitment or entrustment in the act of committing suicide with the behavior of inciting others to commit suicide with other charges,instead of taking it as a kind of intentional homicide. The general act of helping a suicide appointment is not treated as a crime.