体外冲击波治疗股骨头坏死的研究进展

Advances in research on the extracorporeal shock wave therapy for osteonecrosis of the femoral head

股骨头坏死(osteonecrosis of the femoral head,ONFH)是一种多因素导致的骨组织破坏性疾病,治疗方案的选择主要依据疾病分期。早期ONFH患者首选治疗方式应以保留股骨头、预防股骨头塌陷为核心。尽管手术在现阶段被认为是较好的治疗方式,但其并发症较多。因此,探索一种具有良好治疗效果的保守疗法,成为临床医生关注的重点。体外冲击波疗法(extracorporeal shock wave therapy,ESWT)已在ONFH的治疗中显示出了良好的效果,特别是在缓解患者髋关节疼痛、改善髋关节功能方面。目前应用ESWT治疗ONFH的方案仍无定论,本文将针对ONFH的病因、危险因素、诊断及应用ESWT治疗等方面进行阐述。

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head(ONFH)is a devastating disease caused by multiple factors.The main reference for the choice of ONFH treatment options is the stage of the disease.For patients with early ONFH,the preferred method should be to preserve the femoral head and prevent the collapse of the femoral head core.Although surgical treatment is considered a better treatment at this stage,it has more complications.Therefore,exploring a conservative treatment with good therapeutic effect should be the focus of clinicians.Extracorporeal shock wave therapy(ESWT)has shown good results in ONFH treatment,especially in relieving hip pain and improving hip function.At present,the treatment plan for the treatment of ONFH with ESWT is still inconclusive.This article will elaborate on the etiology,risk factors,clinical manifestations,diagnosis and application of ESWT of ONFH.