不同年龄段儿童急性呼吸道病原体感染情况分析

Analysis of acute respiratory pathogen infection in children of diHerent ages

目的:了解不同年龄段儿童急性呼吸道病原体感染情况,为感染防控和临床治疗提供依据。方法:818例住院患儿按年龄分为婴儿、幼儿、学龄前期、学龄期4组,采用荧光定量PCR法对收集的样本进行呼吸道感染病原体检测。结果:各年龄组患儿中以学龄前组和幼儿组的病原体总阳性率最高(57.1%和56.3%),婴儿组最低为39.8%(P<0.01)。病原体检出阳性率以肺炎支原体最高(34.5%),其次为副流感病毒(19.8%)和呼吸道合胞病毒(11.6%)。肺炎支原体感染中学龄前组的阳性率最高为43.3%,婴儿组阳性率最低为12.3%(P<0.01)。呼吸道合胞病毒感染中婴儿组的阳性率最高为19.9%,学龄组阳性率最低为6.6%(P<0.01),其余病原体感染均无年龄差异。180例标本检出2种或2种以上病原体,合并感染率为22.0%(180/818)。除肺炎衣原体外,其他病原体合并感染率均大于其单一感染率。结论:不同年龄段患儿呼吸道病原体感染程度和种类各异,多种病原体合并感染较常见,提示疾病严重程度与年龄、合并感染有一定相关性。

Objective: To investigate the acute respiratory pathogen infection in children of different ages and provide the basis for infectious disease prevention and control and clinical treatment Methods: 818 cases of hosp让alized children were divided into four groups: infants, young children, preschool age and school-age group. Fluorescence quantitative PCR was performed to detect the pathogen of respiratory tract infection in the collected samples. Results: The total positive rate of pathogens were highest in preschool and young children groups among all age groups (57.1% and 56.3%), and the lowest positive rate of the infant group was 39.8%(P<0.01). The infection rate of Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the highest (34.5%), followed by Para-in fluenza virus (19.8%) and respiratory syncytial virus (11.6%) in difierent pathogens. The positive rate of the preschool group was 43.3% in Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, and the lowest positive rate of the infant group was 12.3%(P<0.01). The positive rate of infants in Respiratory syncytial virus infection was 19.9%, and the lowest positive rate of school-age group was 6.6%(P<0.01). There was noage difference in the remaining pathogen infections. Twoor more pathogens were detected in 180 samples with combined infection rate of 22.0%(180/818). Except for chlamydia pneumoniae, the combined infection of the other pathogens was more frequent than its mono-infection. ConClllSion: The degree and types of respiratory pathogens were varied in different ages, and multiple pathogens combined infection were popular, suggesting that the severity of diseases was related to age and combined infection.