马克思公共性思想的立场、主旨和本质特征

The Standpoint,Leitmotiv and Essential Characteristics of Karl Marx's Thought of Publicity

马克思始终立足于人类共同体,从实践的维度和历史的维度来阐发其公共性思想。与其他西方公共性思想不同,马克思公共性思想始终以全人类的解放为根本立场,并以此塑造一种全新的、人类真实的公共性状态——"自由人的联合体"。在"自由人的联合体"中,具有"追求丰富的公共生活"、"走向全面的人的发展"、"体现自由的发展个性"内涵的公共人的理想生成是马克思公共性思想的主旨。从马克思对公共性的立场和主旨的阐发中,可以窥探马克思公共性思想的本质特征是在深刻批判中进行科学建构的,即对传统旧哲学中的先验性的批判和历史辩证唯物主义的建构以及对市民社会的批判和共产主义的科学预测。

Karl Marx has always been based on the human community, expounding his thought of publicity from the dimensions of practice and history. Compared with other western thoughts of publicity, Marx’s thought of publicity always takes the liberation of all mankind as its fundamental standpoint, thus shaping a brand-new and real public state of human beings --"Community of Freeman". In the "Community of Freeman", the ideal generations of public men with the connotations of "pursuing rich public life","moving towards comprehensive human development" and "reflecting the personality of free development" are the leitmotiv of Marx’s thought of publicity. From Marx’s elucidation of the standpoint and theme of publicity, we can see that the essential characteristics of Marx’s thought of publicity is to construct scientifically in deep criticism, that is, to criticize the transcendental nature of traditional old philosophy, to constr uct historical dialectical materialism,furthermore, to criticize civil society and to predict communism scientifically.