教师如何培养生态意义上自我实现的学生?——基于阿伦·奈斯“自我实现”的生态人格理念

How Do Teachers Cultivate Self-actualized Students in an Ecological Sense: Based on Arne Naess's Deep Ecological Philosophy

阿伦·奈斯的深层生态学理念提及在建设生态社会时,具备"自我实现"生态人格的个体对生态系统中其他生命有认同感,个体和其他生命实现普遍的共生,个体自我实现的过程同时是维护其他生命利益的过程,个体内在有对自然生态系统的原初的热爱。教师应结合深层生态学的理念,在常态的教育教学活动中引导学生塑造生态化的学习观、生成对生态系统的情感、并与生态系统和校园系统中的他者建立伦理性的交往关系,这有助于培养学生形成生态意义上自我实现的人格。

Aaron Ness’s deep ecological concept refers to the recognition of other life in the ecosystem when building an ecological society. The individual and other life achieve universal symbiosis. The process of individual self-realization is also the process of safeguarding other life interests. The body has a love for the original nature of the natural ecosystem. Teachers should combine the concept of deep ecology to guide students to shape the ecological learning concept, generate emotional feelings to the ecosystem, and establish ethical relationships with other people in the ecosystem and campus system in the normal educational and teaching activities. This helps to develop students’ ecologically self-fulfilling personality.