单倍型与同胞全相合造血干细胞移植治疗阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿症疗效比较

Comparison of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and matched-sibling donor transplantation for the treatment of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

目的比较单倍型与同胞全相合移植治疗阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿症(PNH)的疗效及安全性。方法总结2007年7月至2018年5月40例(单倍型移植25例,同胞全相合移植15例)接受异基因造血干细胞移植的PNH患者临床资料,对两组疗效及安全性进行比较。结果单倍型移植组及同胞全相合移植组患者性别、年龄、PNH-再生障碍性贫血(AA)患者比例、诊断至移植时间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。单倍型移植组及同胞全相合组回输单个核细胞数(MNC)分别为10.74(4.80~22.86)×10^8/kg与12.19(5.14~17.25)×10^8/kg(P=0.866),回输CD34+细胞数分别为3.57(0.68~7.80)×10^6/kg与4.00(3.02~8.42)×10^6/kg(P=0.151)。所有患者均成功植入,单倍型移植组及同胞全相合移植组粒细胞植入时间分别为12(9~26)d与11(7~15)d(P=0.065),血小板植入时间分别为19(11~75)d与13(11~25)d(P=0.027)。单倍型移植组与同胞全相合移植组Ⅰ~Ⅳ度急性GVHD发生率分别32.0%、20.0%(P=0.343),Ⅱ~Ⅳ度急性GVHD发生率分别为16.0%、13.3%(P=0.759)。慢性GVHD发生率分别为30.7%、24.6%(P=0.418),中重度慢性GVHD发生率分别为12.7%、7.1%(P=0.522)。移植过程中单倍型移植组与同胞全相合移植组感染发生率分别为32.0%(8/25)、26.7%(4/15)(P=1.000),未发生早期死亡。单倍型移植组及同胞全相合移植组预期3年总生存(OS)率分别为(86.5±7.3)%、(93.3±6.4)%(P=0.520),无移植物抗宿主病无失败生存(GFFS)率分别为(78.3± 8.6)%、(92.9±6.9)%(P=0.250)。在随访期内两组患者均无复发。结论单倍型移植用于治疗PNH具有与同胞全相合移植相似的疗效及安全性,在无全相合供者情况下可作为PNH患者有价值的治疗手段。

Objective To compare the outcomes between haploidentical donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) and matched-sibling donor transplantation (MSD-HSCT) for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). Methods The clinical data of 40 PNH patients received HSCT (haplo-HSCT=25, MSD-HSCT=15) from July 2007 to May 2018 were analyzed retrospectively to compare the outcomes between haplo-HSCT and MSD-HSCT groups. Results There were no differences in terms of gender, age, patients of PNH-AA and median time from diagnosis to transplantation between the 2 groups (P>0.05). The median values of absolute mononuclear cell counts and CD34^+ cells infused were 10.74 (4.80-22.86)×10^8/kg and 12.19 (5.14-17.25)×10^8/kg (P=0.866), 3.57 (0.68-7.80)×10^6/kg and 4.00 (3.02-8.42)×10^6/kg (P=0.151) respectively, in haplo-HSCT and MSD-HSCT groups. All patients attained complete engraftment, no patient occurred graft failure. The median durations for myeloid and platelet engraftment were 12 (range, 9-26) and 11 (range, 7-15) days (P=0.065), 19 (range, 11-75) and 13 (range, 11-25) days (P=0.027) respectively, in haplo-HSCT and MSD-HSCT groups. During a median follow-up of 26 (4-65) months in haplo-HSCT and 36 (4-132) months in MSD-HSCT groups (P=0.294), the incidences of grade Ⅰ-Ⅳ acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) were 32.0% and 20.0%(P=0.343), grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ aGVHD were 16.0%, 13.3%(P=0.759), chronic GVHD were 30.7% and 24.6%(P=0.418), moderate-severe chronic GVHD were 12.7% and 7.1%(P=0.522) respectively, in haplo-HSCT and MSD-HSCT groups. The incidences of infection were 32.0%(8/25) and 26.7%(4/15)(P=1.000) respectively, in haplo-HSCT and MSD-HSCT groups. No patients occurred early death and relapse. Three-year estimated overall survival (OS) were (86.5±7.3)% and (93.3 ±6.4)%(P=0.520), GVHD-free and failure-free survival (GFFS) were (78.3±8.6)% and (92.9±6.9)%(P=0.250) respectively, in haplo-HSCT and MSD-HSCT groups. Conclusion The preliminary results indicated that haplo-HSCT was a feasible choice for PNH with favorable outcomes, haplo-HSCT and MSD-HSCT produced similar therapeutic efficacy.