CRISPR/Cas系统在植物抗病毒中的应用

Application of CRISPR/Cas system in anti-plant virus research

近年来,CRISPR/Cas系统因其简易性和有效性不仅在植物基因组编辑中得到广泛应用,而且开始应用于植物抗病毒研究。本文介绍了CRISPR/Cas系统的研究进展,详述了CRISPR/Cas9和CRISPR/Cas13a在抗植物病毒中的应用,以及靶向病毒基因组和靶向宿主植物基因组两种抗病毒基本策略;同时讨论了CRISPR/Cas12a和相关原核Ago系统在抗植物病毒上的潜在应用前景,并指出CRISPR/Cas在应用中存在的挑战。由于CRISPR/Cas系统在抗植物病毒研究中的优势,可能给植物抗病毒育种带来革命性变化。

In recent years,the CRISPR/Cas system has been widely applied for plant genome editing as well as in studies of anti-plant viruses because of its simplicity and effectiveness.In this review,progress in the use of the CRISPR/Cas system is briefly introduced,followed by a description of the applications of the CRISPR/Cas9 and CRISPR/Cas13a systems to plant viruses,introducing two basic antiviral strategies:Targeting viral genes and targeting host plant genes.Additionally,the potential applications of CRISPR/Cas12a and related prokaryotic Ago systems against plant viruses are discussed,including the challenges of applications involving CRISPR/Cas.The CRISPR/Cas system will bring revolutionary changes to plant antiviral breeding because of its advantages in anti-plant virus research.