中缅印交角地区陆路交通的历史考察

A historical investigation of land transportation in China-Myanmar-India tri-border area

结合相关史料及对该区域长期的田野研究,尝试对中国、缅甸与印度交角地区陆路交通的历史演变做一种粗线条的考察。该区域由于地理上相连,因此有多条道路相互连通,但是在既往的相关研究中,对那些"通衢大道"关注较多,而对该区域内的其他路网情况关注较少。文章将分四个阶段来进行讨论:第一阶段,殖民势力入侵之前的道路交通情况;第二阶段,英国殖民势力入侵印缅之后的情况;第三阶段,为抵御殖民势力以及外敌侵略在道路交通建设方面所采取的措施以及当时该区域国内的一些道路情况;第四阶段,印缅独立以及中华人民共和国成立后三国在交角地区各自的范围内道路交通建设情况。这样一种考察,对于进一步理解该区域内民间交往和文化交流、国家中的边疆,以及中缅、中印、印缅国家之间的关系,乃至可能涉及全球安宁的南亚次大陆区域性国际关系,均有重要意义。

Combining relevant historical materials with long-term field research in this area, this paper attempts to make an investigation of the historical evolution of land transportation in China-Myanmar-India tri-border area. Because of their geographical connection, there are many roads connected to each other. However, the existing studies focus more on "great highways" rather than other road networks in this area. This paper falls into four parts: the first part focuses on the road traffic situation before the invasion of the colonial forces;the second part deals with the situation after the British colonial forces invaded India and Burma;and the third part discusses the measures for road construction taken by China in fighting against the colonial forces and foreign aggressors as well as some road conditions in China at that time;the fourth part expounds the road traffic in these specific areas of the three countries after the independence of India and Myanmar and the establishment of the People’s Republic of China. This study has much significance in further understanding the non-governmental exchanges and cultural exchanges in this area, the frontiers of these countries, and the relations between China and Myanmar, China and India, India and Myanmar as well as the regional international relations in the South Asian subcontinent that may involve the agenda of global peace.