壮语方言时间单位词的两种计量方式

Two measurement constructions of time-unit words in Zhuang dialects

壮语方言时间单位词的计量方式除了各语言常见的"数词+时间单位词"外,还有"数词+?an^1+时间单位词"方式。这与壮语常见的计量结构"数+量+名"语序一致,说明某些壮语方言中在共时的语法层面上量词的使用是强制的。壮语方言"数词+?an^1+时间单位词"方式是受汉语"数词+时间单位词"方式通过影响壮语原本"数词+时间单位词"与"时间单位词+数词"互补并行的规则系统而产生的,其在语义地图上呈连续性分布,这说明汉语的影响是在类型共性的基础上起作用的,这是梳理壮语方言特征成因中需要注意的、重要的地方性意义。

In modern Zhuang dialects, besides the common "numeral+time-unit word" construction, there is also "numeral+?an^1+time-unit word" construction, which is in line with the popular "numeral+quantifier+noun" construction of Zhuang dialects. This indicates that the use of quantifiers at the synchronic level in some Zhuang dialects is compulsory. The "numeral+?an^1+time-unit word" construction in some Zhuang dialects is constructed under the influence of the Chinese "numeral+time-unit word" construction through the complementary rule of the original Zhuang "numeral+time-unit word" construction and the "time-unit word+numeral" construction, which is distributed in a continuity in the semantic map and indicates the Chinese influence resulting from a topological similarity.