汉冶萍公司兴建大冶钢铁厂始末

Hanyeping Company’s Construction of Daye Steel Plant

1913年,汉冶萍公司在盛宣怀主持下,向日本贷款900万元兴建大冶钢铁厂,拟大幅增加生铁产量供应日本,以偿还债务;同时扩建大冶铁矿和萍乡煤矿,以适应大冶钢铁厂的生产需要。此举标志着汉冶萍公司的生铁和铁矿石生产均以供应日本为主,背离了“造轨制械”的初衷,以致对日依赖进一步加深,风险进一步增大。大冶钢铁厂由日人大岛道太郎设计并负责施工,先后因受征地、欧战影响,又因设计错误,历时10年才完工。1923年1号炉举火开炉一再受挫,暴露了设计、施工中的许多问题;1925年10月因运道阻塞、缺少焦炭全厂停产。从建成到停产,大冶钢铁厂共产生铁不到26万吨。

In 1913,Hanyeping Company,managed by Sheng Xuanhuai,took out a loan of 9 million yuan from Japan to build Daye Steel Plant.The production of pig iron was greatly increased to supply Japan to repay the loan.At the same time,Daye Iron Mine and Pingxiang Coal Mine were expanded to meet the production needs of Daye Steel Plant.This move marks that Hanyeping's pig iron and iron ore production are mainly supplied to Japan,deviating from the original intention of"manufacturing rails and machinery",and the risk is further increased because it is more dependent on Japan.Daye Steel Plant was designed and constructed by Oshima Taro,a Japanese.It took 10 years to complete due to land acquisition,European warfare and design errors.In 1923,the No.1 furnace broke down repeatedly in operation after being put into production,revealing many problems in design and construction.In October 1925,the whole plant was shut down for the shortage of coke due to obstruction of the traffic lane.From the completion of the plant to shut down,Daye Steel Plant produced less than 260,000 tons of pig iron.