我国市场化改革中少数民族地区经济制度变迁动力研究——基于文化视角

Impetuses of Economic System Changes in Minority Areas in China's Market Reform:Based on Cultural Perspective

在对经济制度变迁研究文献回顾的基础上,以我国少数民族地区经济制度变迁为研究对象,从文化视角分析了当前我国少数民族地区经济制度变迁的动力产生的原因、来源和作用方式。1)基于民族文化形成的民族集体认知模式是少数民族地区经济制度变迁的一般动力,通过一般动力的作用,可以形成少数民族地区地域性的经济制度,这些秩序化的经济规则有助于降低民族经济活动不稳定性预期,但因为民族文化和少数民族经济发展之间本身充满了矛盾和张力,这一作用过程没有提高少数民族地区经济制度的外部适应性。2)人力资本积累和知识(技术)存量增加是少数民族地区经济制度的创新动力,但受民族文化结构中人文和科技的结构性失衡影响,少数民族地区在创新选择中对知识(技术)机会与市场机会的认定与把握有所不足,导致少数民族地区经济制度变迁受民族文化自我创新驱动的作用不明显,少数民族地区的经济制度创新多数属于"搭便车"现象。

Based on the literature review of economic system change,this paper analyzes the causes,sources and modes of the impetuses of the economic system changes in China’s ethnic minority areas from the cultural perspective.Firstly,the ethnic collective cognition model built on ethnic culture is the general impetus for the economic system changes,which can motivate the formation of regional economic systems.These orderly economic rules can reduce the instability of ethnic economic activities,but due to the contradictions and tensions between ethnic culture and the economic development of the minorities,this process does not improve the external adaptability of the economic system.Secondly,the accumulation of human capital and the increase of knowledge(technology)stocks are the innovative impetus of economic system.However,influenced by the structural imbalance of humanities and science and technology in ethnic cultural structures,the ability of these areas to recognize and grasp knowledge(technology)and market opportunities of innovation is insufficient.Thus,the role of ethnic cultural self-innovation in driving economic system changes in these areas are not apparent and most of the innovations are made by“hitchhiking”.