基于轮胎滚动下落法的PA路面噪声性能影响因素研究

Study of influence factors of noise performance of porous asphalt pavement based on tire-rolling-down method

为了更好地模拟轮胎-路面交通噪声产生机理,提出了轮胎滚动下落的室内试验方法.基于此方法,研究了不同影响因素(空隙率、路面厚度、公称最大粒径、TPS改性剂用量)对PA(大空隙沥青)路面噪声性能的影响.研究表明:PA路面的噪声主体集中分布在400～5 000 Hz,噪声尖峰分布在630～800 Hz,与实际交通噪声频谱图分布情况一致.随着空隙率、TPS改性剂用量以及路面厚度增大,A计权声压级明显降低,PA路面噪声性能显著改善;由公称最大粒径的改变引起的声压水平变化不甚明显.此外,灰关联度计算结果显示,不同因素对噪声性能影响程度大小依次为路面厚度>TPS改性剂用量>公称最大粒径>空隙率.

In order to simulate the mechanism of tire-road traffic noise efficiently, a laboratory test method of tire-rolling-down is proposed. Based on this method, the effects of different factors (void ratio, road thickness, nominal maximum size and TPS modifier dosage) on the noise performance of porous asphalt pavement are studied. The results show that based on this laboratory test method the noise main body is distributed in 400-5 000 Hz and the noise peaks are concentrated at 630-800 Hz for porous asphalt pavement, which is consistent with the spectrum distribution of field traffic noise. With the increase of void ratio, TPS modifier dosage and road thickness, A-weighted sound pressure level decreases, the noise performance of porous asphalt pavement is improved significantly;but the variation of sound pressure level caused by the change of nominal maximum size is not obvious. In addition, the calculation result of grey relational grade shows that the influence degree of each factor on noise performance is road thickness > TPS modifier dosage > nominal maximum size > void ratio.