乳源瑶语中的汉语借词研究

A Study of Chinese Loanwords in Ruyuan Yao Nationality's Language

乳源瑶族自治县被誉为世界过山瑶之乡,乳源瑶族所使用的瑶语属于苗瑶语族瑶语支,被称为"瑶语勉方言",有着本民族独特的语言系统。随着社会经济的发展,乳源瑶汉人民交往日趋密切,乳源瑶语中引入了大量的汉语借词。借入形式主要有全借和部分借两种方式。汉语词的借入,不但丰富了乳源瑶语原有的词汇系统,而且还影响了乳源瑶语的语法结构。究其原因,除了民族融合、语言态度之外,瑶语自身造词能力不足也是重要因素。通过本研究能进一步了解乳源瑶语和汉语之间的接触机制,挖掘乳源瑶族和周边汉族历史上的交往关系,为更好地保护和传承瑶语及其优秀的传统文化提供有益的现实指导。

Shaoguan Ruyuan Yao autonomous county is known as the home of Guoshan Yao all over the world.Yao language used in Ruyuan belongs to Miao-Yao Branch,which is called mian dialect of Yao language with its own unique language system.With the development of social economy,Ruyuan Yao and Han people's communication became more and more tight.There are a lot of Chinese loanwords in Ruyuan Yao language.There are two main ways of total and part borrowing.The input of Chinese loanwords not only enriches the original vocabulary system,but also affects the grammatical structure of Ruyuan Yao language.For the reason,besides the national fusion and the attitude to language,the shortage of word creation ability in Ruyuan Yao language is one of the important factors.It is hoped that this study can find out the contact mechanism between Ruyuan Yao language and Chinese,and can deeply explore the historical communication between Ruyuan Yao nationality and surrounding Han nationality,for better protection and inheritage of Yao language and its excellent traditional culture.