不同环境下油菜主要品质性状与含油量的相关及通径分析

Correlation and Path Analysis between Quality Traits and Oil Content of Bassica napus L.

[目的]探讨油菜含油量与主要品质性状的相关性及各主要品质性状对含油量的直接效应和间接效应。[方法]以521份油菜自交系为材料,对不同环境下油菜的10个品质性状与含油量进行相关及通径分析。[结果]在不同环境下,含油量与花生烯酸均呈极显著或显著正相关,与蛋白质含量、棕榈酸、硫苷和亚油酸呈显著或极显著负相关。通径分析表明,不同环境下,黄籽度和亚麻酸对含油量均有较大的直接正作用,蛋白质含量、棕榈酸和硫苷对含油量有较大的直接负作用。其余5个品质性状对含油量的直接作用因环境的不同有所差异,需进一步研究。[结论]油菜高油优质品种的选育过程中应关注选择籽粒偏黄品种,适当降低棕榈酸和硫苷,同时充分考虑亚麻酸对含油量的直接正作用,在可接受的亚麻酸范围内选择合适的育种材料。

[Objective] To discuss the correlation between oil content and quality traits of B.napus, and the direct and indirect effects of each trait on oil content.[Method] A total of 521 rape inbred line were seleted as research materials,and their ten quality traits and oil content in three experimental sites were studied by correlation analysis and path analysis.[Result]Correlation analysis showed that arachidonic acid,protein content,palmitic acid,glucosinolate,linoleic acid showed extremely significant or significantly positive correlation and extremely significant or significantly negative correlation with oil content of B.napus in three experimental sites.Palmitic acid,yellow degree,linolenic acid,protein content and glucosinolate had the positive or negative direct effect on oil content in three experimental sites.However,the remaining five quality traits’ effect on oil content were susceptible to environment.[Conclusion] In the breeding for high oil content of B.napus, we should pay attention to the yellow degree of rape seed,and the reduction of palmitic acid and glucosinolates,the positive effect of linolenic acid on the seed oil content should also be taken into consideration,and the suitable breeding material should be selected in the acceptable range of linolenic acid.