情欲与杀伐——论船山对《诗经·秦风》的解读

Sexual Passion and Massacre:Chuanshan'interpretation on The Qinfeng in The Book of Songs

船山对《诗经》的解读非常独特,对传统的疏解性著作如《毛诗》《诗集传》等有继承的地方,在某种程度上和"三家诗"有相似之处。在其对《秦风》的解读中,船山以"情欲"和"杀伐"这两种属于阴性的特质,来比较周、秦政教的异同,并由此判别汉、唐政教的不同。船山的诗教观以"情"为核心,指出"情"上受"性",下授"欲"。诗教的作用主要在于调节民众的平和之气,去除人的暴戾之气,从而达到引导人向天性美好的方向转变的效果。

Chuanshan's interpretation on The Book of Songs is very unique, which inherited from traditional interpretation works: Mao' interpretation of The Book of Songs and Zhuxi' interpretation of The Book of Songs , and also possessed similarities with these interpretation of The Book of the Songs . In his interpretation of Qin Feng , Chuanshan compares the similarities and differences between Zhou' and Qin's political and religious education through the two characteristics of "sexual passion" and "massacre". On this basis, he discriminates the differences between Han' and Tang's political and religious education. Chuanshan's concept of poetry and education is centered on "love" and points out that "love" is lower than "nature", but is higher than "desire". The role of poetry is to develop the peace of the people, to remove the temperament of human beings, and to achieve the effect of guiding people to the good of nature.