右美托咪定与局麻药联合应用进展

Progress of combined application of dexmetomidine and local anesthetics

局部麻醉药能够阻断神经冲动的发生与传递,可逆性地引起感觉缺失,从而产生麻醉效果。然而,以往局部麻醉药物作用时间较短,术后镇痛效果不佳,限制了局麻药物的应用。随着近年来医疗行业的飞速发展以及众多药物的不断出现,临床上多以局麻药物与辅助药物联合应用的方式,获得更为良好的镇痛效果的同时减少了药物的用量。多项研究表明,右美托咪定作为一种高选择性的α_2肾上腺受体激动剂,以不同的方式与局麻药配伍应用后,可不同程度地影响其起效时间、作用时效、作用效果等。本文主要就右美托咪定与局麻药物联合应用的进展进行综述。

Local anesthetics can block the occurrence and transmission of nerve impulses and cause sensory loss reversibly,thus producing anesthetic effects.However,in the past,local anesthetics had a short action time and had poor analgesic effect after operation,which limited the application of local anesthetics.With the rapid development of medical industry and the emergence of many drugs in recent years,local anesthetics and adjuvant drugs are used in clinical practice to obtain better analgesic effect while reducing the dosage of drugs.Several studies have shown that dexmedetomidine,as a highly selectiveα2 adrenergic receptor agonist,can affect the onset time,duration and effect of dexmedetomidine in different ways when combined with local anesthetics.This article reviews the applications progress of combination of dexmedetomidine and local anesthetics.